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The phrase "proxy" refers to a proxy or proxy server. It is software which functions as mediator between client and server via the internet. Without the use of a proxy, a user could make a request for the resource directly to a server, and then the server would deliver an answer directly for the requester. While this is a simple method to understand and apply using proxy servers, it does offer advantages in terms of enhanced performance and privacy, security and more. As an additional layer of passing through, proxies serve as a security safeguard for the internet, separating clients from servers.




In general, the combined mixture of the server's hardware as well as proxy software is commonly called proxy servers. This article will focus on proxy servers that are typically described as software, as well as being used in conjunction with web servers. This article will give an explanation of the two primary types: namely a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each kind has its own unique usage scenario, which is often not understood due to the identical namesake convention.




This article will provide the understanding of what subtypes and proxies are and what they accomplish in typical configurations. After reading this article, you'll be able to identify the scenarios where the use of proxy servers is advantageous, and then choose the best choice between forward and reverse proxy depending on the situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Forward proxy, also known by the name of open proxy. An open proxy is an agent for the user trying to send an online request to a server. In this scenario, the entire effort to send requests from the client will instead be sent through this forward proxy. Forward proxy acting in place of the client will review the request. It will first determine whether clients are authorized to submit requests through this specific forward proxy. It then decides whether to refuse requests or redirect it to the original server. The client does not have direct connection to the internet. It has access to only the information that the forward proxy permits it to connect to.




The primary reason for people to utilize forward proxy is the need for more privacy or security online. A forward proxy links to internet, not the client, and in this way, it is using an IP address distinct from the IP address used by the user.




Based on the way it was created, the forward proxy will provide a variety of functions depending upon the way it's configured, which permits you to:




Beware of Ad-trackers.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find restrictions based on the location you are in.




Forward proxies may also be utilized in systems that offer central security and access that is based on permissions such as in workplaces. If all internet traffic is routed via an open forward proxy an administrator can limit access to only certain clients accessing the internet, which is then filtered by a standard firewall. Instead of creating firewalls at the client layer, which may include multiple machines with different settings and users, the firewall could be installed at the layer that forwards proxy data.




It is important to be aware of the fact that forward proxies must be manually set up to be used, while reverse proxies could be overlooked in the eyes of the user. Depending on the type the IP address that a user is transmitted to the server from which it originated through the forward proxy privacy and anonymity can be granted or kept in the dark.




There are a variety of alternatives to think about when considering forward proxy options:




Apache is an well-known open-source web server, which provides forward proxy features.


Nginx: Another well-known open-source web server that comes with forward proxy capabilities.


Squid is a forward-proxy open source that uses an HTTP protocol. It's not part of the full webserver system. We've got a guide on how you can use Squid proxy to permit private connections within Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it more to handle situations like peer-to-peer traffic. You can also learn how to configure Dante proxy to permit private connections to Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy is an agent for a web server which manages requests from users for. The web server may be a single server or even multiple servers. It could also serve for application servers like Gunicorn. The request will be made through the internet generally. In most cases, the request will be made direct to a server that hosts the resources that the user is seeking. A reverse proxy serves as an intermediary, detaching this webserver from direct interactions with the internet's open.




From the viewpoint of a user, the experience of working with reverse proxy is not different than interacting with your website server directly. It's basically the same, but the client cannot be able to discern the difference. A client submits an inquiry for an item, and then receives it without any additional configuration needed by the client.




Reverse proxy providers provide features like:




Centralized security on webservers.


The direction of traffic that is incoming based on rules that you can establish.


The caching feature has been added to the app.




Although central security is a benefit of both reverse and forward proxy servers, reverse proxy servers provide this advantage only to the server layer, not to the client layer. instead of the maintenance of firewalls on the web server layer that may contain multiple servers with different configurations, the majority of firewall security is placed at the layer of reverse proxy. Furthermore, taking the burden of interacting with firewalls and interacting with requests from customers who don't have web servers allows them to concentrate on the requirements of their customers.




In the event that there's a multitude of servers operating within a reverse proxy the reverse proxy also is responsible for directing the requests directed to which servers. There could be multiple web servers offering the identical service, however each offering different kinds of resources or a mixture of both. They can utilize their HTTP protocol to function as a standard web server, however they may also be equipped with protocols for application servers like FastCGI. You can create a reverse proxy to direct users to specific servers based on the requested resource, or adhere to certain rules regarding the amount of traffic.




Reverse proxies also can benefit from their location on top of web servers, as they have the ability to cache information. The large static files can be set up by using caching rules in order to prevent from hitting web servers with each request. Certain solutions allow users to upload static files directly without having to connect to a web server in any way. Additionally, reverse proxy is able to compress these files.




The popular Nginx web server is also used as a well-known reverse proxy option. Although Apache can also be regarded as a reverse proxy option but Apache is a reverse proxy service. Apache web server comes with reverse proxy capabilities as an extra option for Apache and Nginx was initially developed for and is focused on the reverse proxy feature.



The difference between Forward and Reverse Proxy Use Examples



Since "forward" and "reverse" are associated with the notion of directionality and false comparisons to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic and can be confusing as both types of proxy servers handle both responses and requests. The best way to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy is to examine the requirements of the application you're creating.




Reverse proxy is useful in the development of a method to offer web-based applications on the internet. They serve as your web servers whenever you use the web.




Forward proxy can be useful when it is placed in front of customers to use for personal purposes, or even in a working environment. Forward proxy is a representation of your client's traffic when you interact with the internet.




A case-based approach to differentiation instead of using the most common naming conventions can help in avoidance of confusion.



Conclusion



The article delineated the meaning of a proxy using two primary types that are forward and reverse proxy. Examples of how to use them as well as a discussion of most beneficial features were used to distinguish between forward and reverse proxy. If you're interested in exploring the benefits in proxy server, you can read our tutorial on how to configure Nginx as an Internet server and reverse proxy for Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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