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Types of Antidepressants And How Do They Work

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작성자 Lynette 댓글 0건 조회 16회 작성일 24-06-24 04:57

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We are so familiar with the term Depression, especially after the demise of 'The Joker' that hardly anyone needs a definition, right?

Still, we have to go with the basics, so here- Depression is a chronic mental condition which makes the patient feels blue, sad, sleepy, self-destructive, and in the worst cases, suicidal.

And psychiatric medications prescribed with an intention to alleviate the depressive symptoms are termed as antidepressants. There was a time when speaking about this mental health condition and its treatment was a taboo, not before many years but until the end of the millennia.

Today, there is so much of hullabaloo about depression that along with its awareness, the users of antidepressants have increased almost by 50% in the past decade. In fact, CDC, Center of Disease Control and Prevention reported that the usage of antidepressants among citizens aged above 12 has increased by 400% between 1988-1994 to 2005-2008.

Now, just like there are numerous mental health conditions including anxiety, phobia, bipolar disorder, clinical depression, etc., there are more than thirty types of antidepressants, says Royal College of Psychiatrists. Let's see how antidepressants work and the 3 common types they are divided in:

1. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)

MAOIs replicates the action of monoamine oxidase, a brain enzyme. The main function of this enzyme is to target the neurotransmitters such as serotonin. Because MAOI's have considerable side effects if taken along some foods and drugs, they are prescribed only if the SSRIs don't work.

Possible side effects of MAOIs include seizures, rash, edema, weight loss, weight gain, diarrhea, nausea, constipation, anxiety, insomnia, drowsiness, headache, dizziness, arrhythmia, fainting, hypertension, etc.

2. Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)

SNRIs play a functional role in increasing the serotonin and norephedrine levels in the brain which play a key role in stabilizing our mood receptors. SNRIs are known to be prescribed for major mood disorders, OCD, menopausal symptoms, fibromyalgia, and chronic neuropathic pain.

3. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

SSRIs are the most common antidepressants prescribed today for the fact that they are more than just an effective depressant. It has much fewer side effects for which it is regarded to be the most efficient antidepressant.



Serotonin helps in brain cell communication and SSRIs block them from getting absorbed which in turn results into more serotonin levels, and thus in better brain cell communication and stable mood. However, like every other treatment, this too has side effects such as dry mouth, low sodium, diarrhea, sweating, etc.

Researchers are experimenting with diverse options from serotonin inhibitors to CBD oil products. Doctors also believe that a routine or physical strain can assist in easier recovery from the black hole of depression.

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