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"proxy" refers to a proxy server "proxy" is a reference to the fact that a proxy or proxy server. A proxy server is software that acts in the middle between server and client on the internet. Without the proxy, a client would make a request to any source directly to the server, and it would serve the resource directly back to the user. It is easy to understand and implement. the addition of proxies offers advantages that include improved efficiency, privacy, security and more. As a pass-through layer, proxy servers serve as a security barrier on the internet between clients and servers.

The general combination of hardware used by servers and installed proxy software is also commonly described as proxy servers. However, this article will focus on proxy servers which are generally described in terms of software and the ones used in conjunction with web servers. The article will provide details of the two main types, namely forward proxy and reverse proxy. forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each kind has its own terminology, which can be confusing because of the overlap in terminology.

This article will provide you with an idea of the proxy types and their subtypes are, as well as their value in the typical setups. If you go through this article, you will be able to identify scenarios in which a reliable proxy could be useful, and choose the most suitable choice between forward proxy and reverse proxy in any circumstance.

Understanding Forward Proxies

Also, a forward proxy sometimes referred to as or an open proxy is an agent for an individual user trying to send the request online a source server. In this case, any request made by the user will be sent through an forward proxy. In this scenario the forward proxy, acting in the client's stead, will look into the request. At first it will determine if clients are authorized send requests via this particular forward proxy. Then, it will either reject requests or redirect it to its source server. The client is not able to have direct connection to the internet; it has access only to what the forward proxy allows the client to access.

The most popular reason for using forward proxy servers is for more privacy or security on the internet. Forward proxy accesses the internet for an individual client and when it does this, it may make use of an IP address different from the original IP address of the user.

Depending on the method by which it's configured, a forward proxy can offer a range of features and the capability to:

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  Beware of ads-trackers.
  
  
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  Circumvent surveillance.
  
  
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  You will be able to identify any restrictions based on where you live.
  
  

Forward proxies also are used in systems to provide central security, as well as permission-based access, for example in the workplace. When all internet traffic goes through an open forward proxy layer, admins are able to permit only a few clients connection to internet, which is then filtered by a common firewall. Instead of maintaining firewalls for the client layer, which may be used by multiple computer with various configurations and environments A firewall could be added to this forward proxy layer.

Keep in mind the fact that forward proxy servers must be manually configured before they can be used while reverse proxy servers could be not noticed by clients. Based on whether or not the IP address of the client is transferred to the server that is being used by the forward proxy privacy and anonymity can be granted or hidden from view.

There are a myriad of possibilities to think about for forward proxies.

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  Apache The Apache is a well-known open source web server that offers forward proxy capabilities.
  
  
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  Nginx: Another well-known open-source webserver that comes with forward proxy capability.
  
  
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  Squid is an open source forward proxy utilizing an HTTP protocol. Squid doesn't have the full web-based server. You can check out our guide on the best method to install Squid proxy to connect private networks on Ubuntu 20.04.
  
  
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  Dante forward proxy, which uses using the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it more suited for scenarios such as peer-to-peer communication. It is also possible to look into how to configure Dante proxy for secure connections within Ubuntu 20.04
  
  

Understanding Reverse Proxies

Reverse proxy acts as an agent for a server that handles requests made by customers on its behalf. This web server can serve as a one server or a number of servers. Additionally, it can contain an application server like Gunicorn. In either case, the request may be made by a user of the internet at large. In most cases, the request will be directly sent to the web server that holds the data the user is seeking. A reverse proxy is a intermediary, separating the server from direct interaction with the internet's open.

From the perspective of the client, interfacing using reverse proxy isn't any different from the interaction via direct connection to an internet server. It's exactly the same, but clients aren't able to tell the distinction. The client makes a request for the resource, and is then provided with it, without any additional configuration needed by the client.

Reverse proxy providers provide features like:

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  Security centralized on webservers.
  
  
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  The routing of traffic inbound is according to rules that you set up.
  
  
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  Additional functions to cache data.
  
  

Although central security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxies, reverse proxies provide this feature only to the layer of the webserver, and not the client layer. instead of sustaining firewalls at the server layer which could comprise several servers that have different configurations, the majority of firewall security can be concentrated on the reverse proxy layer. In addition, removing the responsibility of communicating with firewalls as well as communicating requests from clients off web servers allows the firewall to focus on providing services.

If there are multiple servers running in a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy can be also in charge of directing which requests are directed to which servers. There could be multiple web servers operating within the same system, each serving different kinds of services or a mixture of both. The servers employ the HTTP protocol to function as a standard web server. They can also be equipped with other protocols for application servers like FastCGI. You can create reverse proxy servers to direct clients to specific servers in accordance with the requested resource or to comply with certain rules regarding the load of traffic.

Reverse proxies also have the ability to take advantage of their location prior to web servers using caching capabilities. The large static files can be set up using caching rules to avoid the web server from being hit with every request. Certain solutions that allow you to serve static content directly without needing to connect to the servers in any manner. Additionally, the reverse proxy is capable of compressing these assets.

The popular Nginx web server is also used as a powerful reverse proxy service. Even though Apache is also a reverse proxy service and the Apache website server additionally includes reverse proxy functions, which can be a second option for Apache however Nginx was designed initially for and specifically focuses on reverse proxy capabilities.

Differentiating Forward Proxy from Reverse Proxy Use Situations

Because "forward" or "reverse" are both associated with an impression of directionality and false comparisons to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic the names could be confusing as both types of proxies can manage requests as well as respond. Better yet, the best method to differentiate between both forward and reverse proxy services is to think about the requirements of the app you're creating.

A reverse proxy could be helpful when you are developing an application that can serve web applications on the internet. They serve as your web servers for any interaction on the Internet.

A forward proxy is helpful when it is used before customers for your personal use or even in a business setting. They are your client's representative for any interaction on the internet.

The use case-based differentiation instead of focusing on the common naming conventions will help you in avoiding confusion.

Conclusion

This article explains what a "proxy" is, with two major types of proxies being the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical scenarios to use them and an exploration of beneficial characteristics were used to define the two types of proxy: forward and reverse. If you're interested exploring how to implement proxies you can check out our guide on how to set up Nginx as an HTTP server and reverse proxy for Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.

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