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Medications to Treat Anxiety

Therapy is the most effective method to reduce anxiety, but sometimes a short-term course of medication may be necessary. Antidepressants and tranquilizers are two of the medications that can be utilized to treat anxiety.

SSRI antidepressants like citalopram, escitalopram, and sertraline can reduce anxiety. SNRIs, which target the chemicals norepinephrine and serotonin are also effective.

SSRIs

SSRIs are the first line of treatment doctors prescribe to treat anxiety disorders. They prevent the brain's nerve cells from reabsorbing serotonin, which is a chemical that plays a key role in mood regulation. The drugs take a while to work, but most people experience improvement within four to six weeks. SSRIs do not form a habit and aren't addictive, which is why they can continue to be used for a lengthy period of time.

Another type of antidepressant, SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), also treats depression and anxiety. The SNRIs include citalopram, the escitalopram, fluoxetine (Prozac), paraxetine (Paxil), and sertraline. Tricyclic antidepressants, such as imipramine (Tofranil), doxepine and an Anxiety Disorder stimulant are also used to treat depression and anxiety. Novel antidepressants, such as mirtazapine (Remeron) are also sometimes used to treat anxiety disorders.

Doctors don't know the function of SNRIs and SSRIs however they do know that they increase the activity of certain chemical messengers called neurotransmitters in the brain. They prevent the brain from reabsorbing these chemicals, and permit them to bind with their receptors.

SSRIs are used to treat generalized anxiety disorder, GAD; obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD; panic disorder/agoraphobia; and posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD. They can also be helpful with bulimia, however it is less prevalent.

People with illness anxiety disorder treatment who are not responding to SSRIs may be prescribed an antipsychotic atypical drug. Examples include quetiapine, (Abilify) and aripiprazole, (Risperdal). These medications ease anxiety in people with obsessive-compulsive disorders. They are usually prescribed together with an antidepressant. they are less likely for serious side effects compared to other antipsychotics.

Beta-blockers can also be prescribed to treat anxiety, and heart conditions. Propranolol and Atenolol are two examples. They can help reduce the physical symptoms of anxiety, especially for people with social anxiety disorder. They can also be helpful in reducing anxiety prior to or after surgery, and for certain chronic pain issues. Benzodiazepines, such as lorazepam and Ativan (Ativan), can be used in situations where other medications aren't working. They can be addictive and can be habit-forming.

SNRIs

SNRIs are a kind of antidepressant medication which is commonly prescribed to combat anxiety. They work in a similar way to SSRIs but they also increase the availability of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain. As a result, they are typically more effective at treating specific types of anxiety disorders, such as social anxiety disorder and panic disorder. Like other medications, they work best when they are used in conjunction with talk therapy and other treatment strategies.

Contrary to benzodiazepines, SNRIs aren't a dependence or addiction for the majority of people. Some patients might experience withdrawal symptoms after discontinuing a medication after an extended period of usage. Because of this, it is crucial to talk with your doctor before stopping any medication.

Serotonin and norepinephrine, two neurotransmitters, are responsible for stress and mood responses. They play a crucial role in the fight or flight response that a lot of anxiety sufferers experience. By blocking the reuptake process, SNRIs prevent nerve cells from quickly absorbing these neurotransmitters. They keep these chemicals in the body for longer, and can improve mood, reduce anxiety, and even ease anxiety attacks.

Norepinephrine is also essential for anxiety because it activates the amygdala which is a nebulous and fundamental part of the brain associated with fear-related behaviour. SNRIs have been shown to reduce activity in this part of the brain, which may positively impact anxiety and mood as well as ease panic attacks.

Although these drugs can be very beneficial, it is important to remember that they come with a risk of increasing suicidal thoughts for some people. Because of this, they are usually prescribed in higher doses for a brief time. These medications may also interact with other drugs and substances. If you're taking any other prescription or over-the-counter medication, make sure to discuss this with your doctor and keep them updated on any underlying conditions you have, especially heart problems and bleeding disorders. Be aware that some patients report adverse reactions to SNRIs such as nausea and a dry mouth.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines, or benzos as they are commonly called, are quick-acting drugs that reduce anxiety and other anxiety-related symptoms, including insomnia and muscle tension. Certain people suffering from anxiety disorders, such as social anxiety or panic disorder might find them beneficial particularly if they have not had success with other treatments, such as SSRIs and psychotherapy. They can also be helpful as a short-term solution, like while you are waiting for an antidepressant to start working. The medications diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan) are the most common benzos, but other benzos include Clonazepam (Rivotril), temazepam (Restoril) and flurazepam (Dalmane).

They usually start working within 30 minutes because they're rapid-acting. These drugs don't last very long in the body, therefore you must take them regularly to get the benefits. Benzos should not be taken for prolonged periods of time as they can trigger physical dependence and addiction. Benzos should not be used by people with anxiety or depression as they could increase the risk.

People who take benzos for an extended period of time without medical supervision, and often without the direction of a physician, may develop a condition called sedative-use disorders, which include withdrawal symptoms and addiction. This condition is uncommon in people who take benzos according to prescription. Misuse of benzos usually results from other factors like alcoholism or depression.

The tolerance to benzodiazepines may develop when they are used for a long time. When you become tolerant to the effects, you require more of the medication to have the same effect. This may lead to respiratory depression or even death. It is crucial to take benzodiazepines according to the prescription and on a regular basis.

Other Medicines

SSRIs and SNRIs are the first medications doctors will typically prescribe for anxiety. They affect serotonin which is responsible for mood as well as appetite and sleep. They can take as long as 12 weeks to start working and may have side effects such as nausea or insomnia. SSRIs can also be used to treat mental disorders such as depression, panic disorder, and obsessive compulsive disorder. Contrary to benzodiazepines, antidepressants do not cause physical dependence. However, they may cause withdrawal symptoms when abruptly stopped.

Sertraline (Zoloft), Prozac (Prozac), and Celexa (Citalopram) are all drugs in this class. They can be used on their own or in combination with therapy. Antidepressants can be prescribed by a psychiatrist, psychologist or family physician with special training in the field of medication management.

Doctors may prescribe a class called monoamine-oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) as an antidepressant. These drugs block the action of enzymes that break chemical down, such as serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine. MAOIs may take up to four weeks before they begin to work however they aren't as quick-acting as SSRIs.

Clonidine is another drug that can be used to manage anxiety. It is typically used to treat anxiety but is also used to lower blood pressure. Its effectiveness is limited because of adverse effects such as hypotension and sedation. Doctors may prescribe antihistamines such as hydroxyzine, to reduce symptoms of anxiety and panic attacks. They may also decrease the effectiveness of benzodiazepines for some patients.

Anxiety is often treated with the combination of psychotherapy, exercise and medication. A therapist who is specialized in treating anxiety disorders is the most effective way to treat anxiety. They can help you work through the root causes of your anxiety and recommend strategies for managing it without medication, if necessary. Other options for treating anxiety that are not medications include eye movement desensitization mindfulness meditation, reprocessing and yoga that is trauma-informed. Speak to your therapist to determine the best options for you. Psychiatrists are trained to evaluate your symptoms, medical history and create an anxiety treatment plan that is suitable for you. When preparing the plan, they take into consideration your lifestyle, diagnosis medical background, lifestyle, and personal preferences. They may also make adjustments over time.